2005. 0000010944 00000 n Accessed 24 May 2010. 0000002953 00000 n 0000033703 00000 n 0000030897 00000 n “40 Chelovek Soobshchili o Faktakh Torgovli Liud’mi v Krasnii Krest (Sankt-Peterburg).” Regnum. After the abolition of serfdom at the peak of industrialization, freed peasants rushed to the cities in search for work. “Trafficking for sexual exploitation: the case of the Russia Federation.” IOM Migration Research Series, No. %PDF-1.3 %���� Second, because of their trafficking experience, women have low trust in the authorities often because of first-hand experiences of the collusion between traffickers and law enforcement officers (ibid.). Lanham: Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, Inc. Shigekane, Rachel. Orlova, Alexandra. A major obstacle to research on the topic, of course, is the criminal, and therefore, secretive nature of the business of human trafficking. Human Rights Review 12 (3): 329-44. Malakhov, Aleksandr. Namedni 1961-2003: Nasha Era, March 1. Although more narrow than the activists and what the U.S. State Department wanted, new legislation was adopted in 2003 (Buckley 2009b). Google Scholar. Moscow: NTV. Salt, John and Jeremy Stein. 0000004371 00000 n Second, we know the major exporter and importer states and the transit routes of trafficked victims (Stoecker 2005; Shelley 2005; Shelley and Orttung 2005; Buckley 2009b). 1997; Chuang 1998; Graycar 1999; Kyle and Koslowski 2001), recent studies are devoted to legal issues and anti-trafficking policies (Derks 2000; Kelly and Regan 2000; Gallagher 2001; Ryf 2002; Bishop 2003; Richards 2004; Hyland 2001; Shigekane 2007). London: Palgrave Macmillan. http://www.transparency.org/policy_research/surveys_indices/cpi/2009/cpi_2009_table. Women from Moldova and Ukraine, as well as Central Asian countries, are transported to Russia before being trafficked to the Balkans, Western Europe, China, Japan, South Korea, and the U.S. (Pyshschulina 2005). Second, a college degree is not a safeguard from naïveté, especially during systemic political and social transition. 2005. http://www.rg.ru/2004/03/24/rabini.html. This paper examines the success of the anti-human trafficking movement in curbing the enslavement and trade of Russians to other parts of the country and world. Munro, Vanessa. Other causes of sex trafficking in Russia can be linked to the continued culture of alcoholism, unemployment, homelessness, and drug taking that was further proliferated by the collapse of the state in (Buckley, 25). Ekberg, Gunilla. Moscow: NTV. Unemployment, nonexistent under communism, was much higher in the female labor force, and women had more difficulties transferring from the public to the private sector due to the widespread social stigma (Bridger et al. Ledeneva, Alena. Its rankings often ruffle diplomatic feathers. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. Hughes, Donna. Meanwhile, all the other countries previously part of the Soviet Union have passed over 100 laws against human trafficking. “Rossiiskaia Milicia: Geroi ili Prestupniki?” Press Release 1540. http://old.wciom.ru/arkhiv/tematicheskii-arkhiv/item/single/13684.html. 0000033128 00000 n “Human rights and the new UN protocols on trafficking and migrant smuggling: a preliminary analysis,” Human Rights Quarterly, 23: 975–1004. “Desire Industries: Sex Trafficking, UN Peacekeeping, and the Neo-Liberal World Order.” Brown Journal of World Affairs Summer-Fall, 10(1): 133–148. WCIOM (Wserossiiskii Centr Izuchenia Obshchestvennogo Mnenia). 2005. Instances of labor trafficking have been reported in construction, manufacturing, logging, saw mills, agriculture, sheep … Russia also provides multiple transit routes for human traffickers from the poorer countries of the former Soviet Union (V Bashkirii Zaderzhan 2010; V Novosibirske Osuzhdena 2010; 40 Chelovek Soobschili 2010; Ruzanova 2008). Some nations like the United States, Italy, and the United Kingdom have provisions for a grace period during which victims are allowed to stay in the country under specific conditions, commonly requiring their cooperation with the law enforcement (Waugh 2006; Simeunovic-Patic 2010). 0000003257 00000 n Tiuriukanova, Elena. Because enormous investigative and legal efforts are needed to rescue women from traffickers, the most efficient first step may be prevention. It identifies the inefficiencies behind the national and international responses to trafficking and the complications for policymaking associated with the stigma attached to sex workers. According to two public opinion polls conducted among high school girls at the end of 1989, prostitution made the top ten of the most prestigious and desirable professions (ibid.). After placing an ad in a number of local newspapers, he received about 30 calls in 2 days and, subsequently, conducted job interviews with these women. 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